The 13th Element by John Emsley

Here is a summary of the first two chapters of the book:

Introduction 11/14

• Know: I already knew that Phosphorus originated from the ancient Greek words phos “light” and phorus “bringing”. I already knew that the chemical symbol for Phosphate is P.
• Want to know: I want to know more about the shocking history of Phosphorus.
• Learned: I learned that Organophosphate is the name given to a phosphate molecule that has organic groups attached.

Chapter 1: Out of Alchemy 11/15

• Know: Many people believed they can turn lead into Gold with the philosopher’s stone. I also want to know more about luminescent materials.
• Want: I want to know more about what phosphorus is used in today.
• Learned: I learned that Phosphorus was made from urine. I also learned that Knuckel investigated with luminescent materials. I learned that phosphorus is found in many different things.

Chapter 2: The Alchemist and His Apprentice 11/ 17

• Know: I already know that Phosphorus was first discovered in London.
• Want: I want to know about other discoveries that were going on during this time period.
• Learned: I learned that Kraft was able to make phosphorus and do research on its properties. Phosphorus could be used as light on ships, and to make glow in the dark objects.